The origin of vowel alternations in the Tangut verb 1
نویسنده
چکیده
Like other Qiangic languages, Tangut has a complex verbal morphology. Based on comparative data from Qiangic languages, this article attempts at reconstructing the origin of the Tangut Ablaut system. In Tangut, some verbs have two stems, whose distribution is determined by the person of the agent and the patient. Stem 2 appears when the agent is first of second person singular and the patient is third person, and stem 1 in other verbal forms. We show that there was third person patient *-w suffix in Tangut cognate with Northern Qiang, and that stem 2 are the result of the coalescence of this suffix with the verb root vowel. 提要：如同羌语支的其它语言一样，西夏语有复杂的动词形态变化。本文在羌语 支语言历史比较的基础上，试图探讨西夏语原音交替的来源。西夏语部分动词有 两个词干，这两个词干的分布与主语和宾语的人称有关。主语是第一或第二人称 单数、宾语是第三人称的时候，动词用词干 2，而在其他环境中动词则用词干 1。 本文认为，原始西夏语本来有一个与北部羌语同源的及物第三人称标记*-w-，词 干 2 就是动词词根与该*-w 后缀合并的结果。 关键词：西夏语；羌语；嘉绒语；元音交替；人称范畴 1 This paper was first presented at the East Asian Linguistics seminar, Oxford, 5 th February 2008. I thank B. Frellesvig, Nie Hongyin and two anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments on this paper.
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